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Antarctic governance
2016 Report Content2016 Antarctic environment Introduction Antarctica The Antarctic Treaty and a set of related international agreements, known collectively as the Antarctic Treaty System, provide the framework...
Management achievements
2016 Report Content2016 Antarctic environment Effectiveness of management Antarctica Australian officials actively participate in the international forums of the Antarctic Treaty System to promote improved...
Overview of effectiveness of management of the antarctic environment
2016 Report Content2016 Antarctic environment Effectiveness of management Antarctica Australia has improved various aspects of its human presence in Antarctica through improved waste treatment and repatriation,...
Governance
2016 Report Content2016 Antarctic environment Effectiveness of management Marine South East Antarctica The Antarctic Treaty System is the primary international governance framework for the...
Australian Antarctic Program’s station environment: Operation indicators
2016 Report Content2016 Antarctic environment State and trends Antarctica Although human activity across Antarctica has increased during recent decades, it remains much lower than for all other continents. Human...
Management processes
2016 Report Content2016 Antarctic environment Effectiveness of management Antarctica Several processes contribute to the overall management of the Antarctic region, including the framework for protected areas, as...
Box ANT7 Development of a new wastewater treatment facility at Australia’s Davis Station
2016 Case Study... addressed in the provisions of Annex III to the Madrid Protocol. The treatment plant was constructed and tested in Germany, and ...
Heritage values
2016 Report Content... a wide range of its heritage values are protected under the Madrid Protocol. In addition to the general, continent-wide protection provided by the ...
Risks to the Antarctic environment 2016
2016 At a glanceAt a glanceAs for other regions, distant human activities can contribute to the key risks to the Antarctic environment, including global population, economic pressures and the effects of climate change. Management can mitigate many of the population and economic impacts, and climate change...
Kyoto Protocol targets
2016 Report Content As a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol, ratified in 2007, Australia committed to limiting increases in net ...
Australian Antarctic Program’s station environment: Contaminated sites and pollution
2016 Report Content2016 Antarctic environment State and trends Antarctica Contaminated sites and pollution Contaminated waste disposal is a product of past practices of Antarctic expeditions, and is referred to...
Figure ATM9 Australia’s tracking against the Kyoto Protocol target
2016 GraphAustralia's tracking against the Kyoto Protocol target, commitment period 1 Australia's tracking against the Kyoto Protocol target, commitment period 1 Emissions (Mt CO2-e) 2008582.7 2009570.8 2010565 2011553.6 2012554.6...
Management outputs and outcomes
2016 Report Content2016 Climate Effectiveness of management Reductions in GHG emissions are essential to minimise the amount of global warming and associated impacts. The projected efficacy of the various policies, programs and actions...
The pressure of human activities on Antarctica and the Southern Ocean is increasing
2016 Key Finding2016 The areas affected by human activities in the region continue to increase. New stations are being built, and tourism to the continent continues to grow on the Antarctic Peninsula, but is still insignificant in East Antarctica. With a growing world population, commercial fishing...
Figure ATM2 Radiative forcing as a result of long-lived greenhouse gases measured by CSIRO in the Southern Hemisphere
2016 GraphRadiative forcing due to long-lived greenhouse gases, Antarctic firn and Cape Grim, 1950–2015 Radiative forcing due to long-lived greenhouse gases, Antarctic firn and Cape Grim, 1950–2015 Montreal Protocol and Kyoto Protocol synthetic greenhouse gasesNitrous...
Effectiveness of Antarctic management 2016
2016 At a glanceAt a glanceAntarctica is governed through the international agreements of the Antarctic Treaty System, including the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, and the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources. These agreements establish...
Box WAT6 Groundwater-dependent ecosystem risk assessment for declining groundwater levels
2016 Case Study...
The framework integrates a standard risk assessment protocol, and is based on constructing a conceptual model that identifies ...
Box BIO21 Rethinking revegetation resilience
2016 Case Study... revegetation strategy to use an alternative seed collection protocol termed ‘composite provenancing’. This approach seeks to retain the ...
Planning and strategy
2016 Report Content2016 Climate Effectiveness of management South Coast An important role of government is to develop effective policies, implemented through supporting strategies and plans. Emissions...
Water abstraction and interception
2016 Report Content2016 Inland water Risks Three factors contribute to the risk posed by increasing water abstraction and interception: the demands of a growing population increases in per-person water consumption for this population...
Pressures affecting Australia’s climate 2016
2016 At a glanceAt a glanceGreenhouse gases (GHGs)—carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, short-lived tropospheric and stratospheric ozone, nitrous oxide and synthetic GHGs—together with water vapour, and natural and industrial aerosols, influence Earth’s energy balance. Human activity, primarily the burning of...
Triage responses to changes resulting from pressures
2016 Report Content2016 Marine environment Effectiveness of management Research and management initiatives ultimately require prioritisation, because investment is finite for both funds and available effort. Evaluation of prioritisation...
Pressures affecting Australia’s climate
2016, 2011 Assessment summaryClimate Pressures Direct (primary) effects of pressures on climateTrends in emissionsKyoto Protocol targetsAustralia’s emissions in contextIncreases in greenhouse gasesIndirect (secondary and tertiary) effects of pressures on...
Coastal heritage
2016 Report Content2016 Coasts State and trends Great Barrier Reef The section should be read in conjunction with the Heritage report. Much of the data in the Heritage report include the coastal zone, so it is...
Effectiveness of management for specific pressures and drivers
2016 Report Content2016 Effectiveness of management Earlier, we noted that the complex and dynamic relationships between drivers, pressures, ecosystems and humans call for policies and management actions that address both drivers and pressures. In many cases, the most...
Australia’s emissions in context
2016 Report Content2016 Climate Pressures Greater Brisbane Greater Darwin Greater Hobart Greater Melbourne Although Australia’s emissions in...
Antarctic environment: 2011–16 in context
2016 Report Content2016 Antarctic environment Introduction Antarctica Since 2011, the Antarctic environment has continued to respond to global pressures from human activity. As is the case in other regions of the...
Managing biodiversity for resilience
2016 Report Content2016 Biodiversity Resilience The ability of ecosystems to tolerate and recover from disturbance is a phenomenon that is vitally important to understand. Resilience has stimulated much valuable research that has...
Box MAR9 Supporting the traditional management of dugongs and marine turtles in Torres Strait
2016 Case StudyThe Torres Strait region is renowned for its ecological complexity and biodiversity, providing a multitude of habitats and niches for the highly diverse Indo–Pacific marine flora and fauna, including dugongs and marine turtles. It consists of 247 islands, including 18 Torres...
Increases in greenhouse gases
2016 Report Content2016 Climate Pressures Tasmania Greater Brisbane Greater Darwin Greater Hobart Greater Melbourne...
