Australia State of the Environment Report

Pressures

Case Study

... Victorian Environment Protection Authority forecasted what air quality in Victoria might be like in the year 2030 ( EPA Vic 2013 ). The ... dioxide; sulfur dioxide; carbon monoxide; and air toxics such as formaldehyde, benzene, toluene and xylene are expected to ...

Box ATM12 Persistent organic pollutants in Australian air

2016

Case Study

... in the environment, they can cycle through water, soil and air, ultimately to bioaccumulate in humans and other species. Exposure to POPs ... -1.1 5.85 a-ES 5.035 3.37 4.53 HCB 40.93 31.04 25.18 Air toxics Semi urban and Urban sites 2016 SoE Atmosphere Concentrations of ...

Figure ATM38c Concentrations of PCBS and selected organochlorine pesticides in air sites with different land uses (Agricultural sites)

2016

Graph

... of PCBS and selected organochlorine pesticides in air sites with different land uses (Agricultural sites) Agricultural sites ... biphenyls and selected organochlorine pesticides in air at sites with different land uses Air toxics ...

Figure ATM38a Concentrations of PCBS and selected organochlorine pesticides in air sites with different land uses (Background and Remote sites)

2016

Graph

... of PCBS and selected organochlorine pesticides in air sites with different land uses (Background and Remote sites) Remote and ... 0.425 -1.1 5.85 a-ES 5.035 3.37 4.53 HCB 40.93 31.04 25.18 Air toxics ...

Figure ATM38b Concentrations of PCBS and selected organochlorine pesticides in air sites with different land uses (semi urban and urban)

2016

Graph

... of PCBS and selected organochlorine pesticides in air sites with different land uses (semi urban and urban) Semi urban and ... 8.7 2.26 21.59 a-ES 16.82 7.97 12.38 HCB 72.935 49.25 35.82 Air toxics ...

Regional cities' scorecard for ozone NEPM 4-hour standard, based on analysis of air quality index values, 1998-2014

2016, 2011

Assessment summary

... for ozone NEPM 4-hour standard, based on analysis of air quality index values, 1998-2014 Regional cities' scorecard for ozone ... 1999–2008 Ozone Coarse particulate matter (PM10) Air toxics Average percentage frequency distribution: very good 89; good 11; ...

Metropolitan cities' scorecard for ozone (four-hour) NEPM standard, based on analysis of air quality index values 1999-2014

2016, 2011

Assessment summary

... for ozone (four-hour) NEPM standard, based on analysis of air quality index values 1999-2014 Metropolitan cities' scorecard for ozone ... on analysis of air quality index values, 1999–2008 Air toxics Ozone Average percentage frequency distribution: very good 49; ...

Air quality index

2016

Report Content

In a number of states, the agency responsible for monitoring air quality reports results at each station in its network in terms of an air quality index (AQI; Box ATM9 ) for all or some of the pollutants covered ...

National air quality standards

2016

Report Content

The NEPC established national ambient air quality standards in 1998 as part of the National Environment Protection Measure for Ambient Air Quality (Air NEPM). The Air NEPM sets standards for the 7 key air pollutants to which ...

Outlook for Australia's air quality

2016

Outlook

At a glance

Outlook for Australia's air quality At a glance The outlook for Australia’s urban air quality is generally good. However, there is strong evidence that periods of poor urban air quality can have serious adverse long-term and short-term impacts on human ...

Health impacts of air pollution

2016

Introduction

Report Content

The major aim of monitoring and reducing air pollution is to reduce its adverse impacts on human health. Other aims are ... of buildings and other infrastructure. Health impacts of air pollution Health impacts of air pollution South East Coast Greater ...

Livability: Air and water quality

2016

Built environment

Report Content

... of a built environment: urban amenity; housing; transport; air and water quality; access to the natural environment; and heritage, social and aesthetic aspects. Livability: Air and water quality Livability: Air and water quality North Western ...

Ambient air quality

2016

Executive Summary

Ambient air quality ...

Metropolitan cities' scorecard for particles (PM2.5) NEPM 24-hour standard, based on analysis of air quality index values, 2009-2014

2016

Assessment summary

... (PM2.5) NEPM 24-hour standard, based on analysis of air quality index values, 2009-2014 Metropolitan cities' scorecard for ... values, 2009-2014 Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) Air toxics Average percentage frequency distribution: very good 71; good 29; ...

Regional cities' scorecard for particles (PM10) NEPM 24-hour standard, based on analysis of air quality index values, 1999-2014

2016, 2011

Assessment summary

... particles (PM10) NEPM 24-hour standard, based on analysis of air quality index values, 1999-2014 Regional cities' scorecard for particles ... on analysis of air quality index values, 1999–2008 Air toxics Average percentage frequency distribution: very good 49; good 40; ...

Metropolitan cities' scorecard for particles (PM10) NEPM 24-hour standard, based on analysis of air quality index values, 1999-2014

2016, 2011

Assessment summary

... particles (PM10) NEPM 24-hour standard, based on analysis of air quality index values, 1999-2014 Metropolitan cities' scorecard for ... values, 1999–2008 Coarse particulate matter (PM10) Air toxics Average percentage frequency distribution: very good 59; good 37; ...

Approach - Ambient air quality 2016

2016

Report Content

Approach - Ambient air quality 2016 Approach - Ambient air quality 2016 ...

Air pollution can be natural or anthropogenic

2016

Key Finding

Air pollution can be natural or anthropogenic Sources of air pollution include industrial emissions; vehicle and road traffic emissions; ...

Resilience of Australia’s air quality 2016

2016

Resilience

At a glance

Resilience of Australia’s air quality 2016 At a glance The frequency, duration and severity of episodes of poor air quality in urban centres are influenced by short-term meteorological ... combination with local topography and/or atypical emissions. Air quality is usually restored to acceptable levels once the immediate ...

Air pollution is a significant health hazard

2016

Key Finding

Air pollution is a significant health hazard Urban air quality is a significant cause of death and illness. There is a ... Agency for Research on Cancer classified outdoor air pollution as a human carcinogen. There is clear evidence that even short ...

Risks to Australia’s air quality 2016

2016

Risks

At a glance

Risks to Australia’s air quality 2016 At a glance During the past 50 years or so since the first clean air Acts were introduced in Australian jurisdictions, state and territory ... nonregulatory measures to greatly reduce threats to urban air quality from industrial, commercial and domestic activities. The risk of ...

Pressures affecting ambient air quality

2016, 2011

Pressures

Assessment summary

Pressures affecting ambient air quality Pressures affecting ambient air quality Prescribed burning and bushfires Increasing population ... heating, etc) and increasing urban density place pressure on air quality Year(s): 2016 2 Stable Confidence (in grade): Adequate ...

Australia has national air quality standards

2016

Key Finding

Australia has national air quality standards The National Environment Protection Measure for Ambient Air Quality (Air NEPM), revised in 2016, sets national standards for ambient air quality. ...

Volatile organic compounds

2016

Report Content

... sensitive to chemicals. VOCs particularly affect indoor air quality—concentrations of many VOCs are consistently higher indoors (up ... higher) than outdoors. 3 Some VOCs are known to be air toxics (see ‘Air toxics’). Volatile organic compounds Volatile ...

Ambient air quality: 2011–16 in context

2016

Introduction

Report Content

Overall, the pressures on air quality remain very similar to those present in 2011: a growing population, ... of public transport patronage. For most of the population, air quality remains ‘good’ to ‘very good’, but there are ongoing issues ... well as impacts from bushfires and dust storms. Ambient air quality: 2011–16 in context Ambient air quality: 2011–16 in context ...

Population and climate change are the biggest pressures on air quality

2016

Key Finding

Population and climate change are the biggest pressures on air quality The population of Australia’s major cities will continue to ... transport requirements, will increase. This will increase air pollution. Climate change also plays a role in air pollution. The ...

Pressures affecting Australia’s air quality 2016

2016

Pressures

At a glance

Pressures affecting Australia’s air quality 2016 At a glance Australian ambient air quality is mostly affected by increasing human activity and climate change. ... example, in traffic congestion—put ongoing pressure on air quality. Wood smoke from domestic wood heaters remains a major pressure on ...

Air quality in Australian cities is generally good

2016