Australia State of the Environment Report

Report Content

... composition (intermittent, pulsed or continuous sounds). Anthropogenic noise Anthropogenic noise Marine Temperate East Marine South West Great Barrier ...

Air pollution can be natural or anthropogenic

2016

Key Finding

Air pollution can be natural or anthropogenic Sources of air pollution include industrial emissions; ...

Australia’s heritage remains vulnerable to both natural and anthropogenic threats

2016

Heritage

Key Finding

... heritage remains vulnerable to both natural and anthropogenic threats Climate change poses a major challenge for heritage ...

Figure ATM30 Proportion of annual anthropogenic emissions by source type in the Sydney region

2016

Graph

Figure ATM30 Proportion of annual anthropogenic emissions by source type in the Sydney region SoE2016_atm_fig30_proportion_of_annual_anthropogenic_emissions_by_source_type_in_the_sydney_region.p Proportion of annual anthropogenic emissions in the Sydney region, by source File Proportion of ...

Anthropogenic ocean warming and ocean acidification, superimposed on natural climate variations, pose risks to Australia’s marine ecosystems and their habitats, communities and species groups

2016

Key Finding

Anthropogenic ocean warming and ocean acidification, superimposed on natural ...

The oceans have somewhat mitigated the effects of emissions

2016

Key Finding

... the oceans have taken up around 25 per cent of the annual anthropogenic (human) CO 2 emissions. However, the capacity of the oceans to ...

Figure MAR20 Spectrogram showing the main contributors to the marine soundscape in the Perth Canyon

2016

Graph

... contributors to the marine soundscape in the Perth Canyon Anthropogenic noise ...

Figure MAR18 (a) Transect lines for 2D and 3D seismic surveys, 1961–2012; total metres per square kilometre surveyed for (b) 2D and (c) 3D surveys conducted in Australian marine waters, 2001–2012

2016

Map

... surveys conducted in Australian marine waters, 2001–2012 Anthropogenic noise ...

Some pressures are increasing, with uncertain impacts on the marine environment

2016

Key Finding

... animals and their environment. Sources of high point-source anthropogenic noise are spatially variable, but generally regarded as either ... Increasing use of the marine environment is shifting anthropogenic contributions to marine soundscapes towards ongoing low-level ...

Pollution sources

2016

Report Content

Pollution sources are often characterised as anthropogenic (i.e. human-made), biogenic (i.e. natural and living) or ... nonliving). For air quality, most of the concern is about anthropogenic emissions, because natural sources are generally not able to be ... of woodland, including the use of prescribed burns (anthropogenic), could reduce the frequency or intensity of smoke emissions from ...

Ecosystem restoration

2016

Outlook

Report Content

... (e.g. recovery from a cyclone or the grounding of a vessel) anthropogenic interventions in response to a degraded or anthropogenically ... environment (e.g. removal of crown-of-thorns starfish ) anthropogenic responses to a single pressure (e.g. closure of an overfished ...

Introduction 2016

2016

Inland water

Introduction

At a glance

... water environments. This report presents: the natural and anthropogenic pressures on our inland waters the state and trends of key ...

Approach - Atmosphere 2016

2016

Report Content

... by the emission of pollutants to the atmosphere from anthropogenic (human) activities and natural processes. The state and trends of ... by the emission of pollutants to the atmosphere from anthropogenic (human) activities and natural processes. The state and trends of ...

Increasing population

2016

Report Content

... This urban spread is increasing the spatial extent of anthropogenic emissions, to occupy a larger portion of the airshed (a region ... This urban spread is increasing the spatial extent of anthropogenic emissions, to occupy a larger portion of the airshed (a region ...

Figure ATM3 Radiative forcing in 2011 relative to 1750, and aggregated uncertainties for the main drivers of climate change

2016

Graph

... statistical probabilistic uncertainty (quantitative). Total anthropogenic radiative forcing is provided for 3 years (1950, 1980, 2011). ...

Overview of resilience of the atmosphere

2016

Resilience

Report Content

... have taken up approximately 25 per cent of the annual anthropogenic CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. However, the capacity of the ...

Executive Summary - Antarctic environment

2016

Antarctic environment

Executive Summary

... indirect influences, the most important of which is anthropogenic climate change. Antarctica, the Southern Ocean and subantarctic ...

Motor vehicles

2016

Risks

Report Content

Motor vehicles are a significant source of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions in Australia, comprising some ... Motor vehicles Motor vehicles are a significant source of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions in Australia, comprising some 90 per cent of ...

Outlook for Australia’s climate 2016

2016

Outlook

At a glance

... warming above pre-industrial levels, a reduction in global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions of 40–70 per cent by 2050 compared ... for many centuries, even after a complete cessation of net anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Hence, adaptation will be an important ...

Introduction 2016

2016

Introduction

At a glance

... background trend of increasing mean temperatures because of anthropogenic climate change. Since 1950, the number of heatwave days each year ...

Box LAN13 HCAS—a new way to assess continuous variation in the condition of natural habitats for terrestrial biodiversity across whole regions using remote sensing data

2016

Land

Effectiveness of management

Case Study

... it behaves (using timeseries), but is unable to distinguish anthropogenic disturbances from natural ecosystem dynamics. The problem is ... it behaves (using timeseries), but is unable to distinguish anthropogenic disturbances from natural ecosystem dynamics. The problem is ...

Resilience of our climate

2016

Resilience

Report Content

... have taken up approximately 25 per cent of the annual anthropogenic CO 2 emissions to the atmosphere from major sources ( Le Quéré ... 26(16):5782–5809. Zeebe RE, Ridgwell A & Zachos JC (2016). Anthropogenic carbon release rate unprecedented during the past 66 million ...

Overview of state and trends of coasts

2016

Coasts

State and trends

Report Content

... In: Bergmann M, Gutow L, Klages M (eds), Marine anthropogenic litter , Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, ... R, Thompson RC & van Franeker JA (2015). Linking effects of anthropogenic debris to ecological impact. Proceedings of the Royal Society B ...

Resilience of inland water environments 2016

2016

Inland water

Resilience

At a glance

... support through environmental flows, the potential for anthropogenic water bodies—such as agricultural ponds, irrigation channels, ... Chester and Robson (2013) found that freshwater anthropogenic habitats supported biodiversity and that this support could be ...

Risks to the Antarctic environment 2016

2016

Antarctic environment

Risks

At a glance

... these processes. It is well established that levels of anthropogenic CO 2 are increasing in the atmosphere, transferring 1 million ... W, Kleypas J, Fabry VJ & Millero FJ (2004). Impact of anthropogenic CO2 on the CaCO3 system in the oceans. Science 305:362–366. Orr ...

Marine oil and gas exploration and production

2016

Report Content

... and seismic activity remained relatively stable (see also Anthropogenic noise ). As a result, the oil and gas industry can be considered ... surveys, support vessels, drilling or pile-driving (see Anthropogenic noise ) artificial light and air quality effects from operating ...

Residual risks to the marine environment

2016