Australia State of the Environment Report

Key Finding

... litter, which affects coastal and marine ecosystems and food webs... A new and emerging pressure in the coastal and marine zones is ... litter, which affects coastal and marine ecosystems and food webs. Approximately three-quarters of the debris found along the ...

Several factors, such as ocean acidification, increasing wind strength and changes in ocean circulation in the Southern Ocean, may affect the base of Antarctic food webs

2016

Key Finding

... in the Southern Ocean, may affect the base of Antarctic food webs Dissolved carbon dioxide acidifies the ocean and reduces the ...

Value chain for fresh and processed food in Australia 2012-13: Export revenue from farm and fish food and food and beverage

2016 Graph

Value chain for fresh and processed food in Australia 2012-13: Export revenue from farm and fish food and food and beverage Value of food exports Value of food exports Percentage ...

Value chain for fresh and processed food in Australia 2012-13: Import costs to food and beverage and retail food processing and sales

2016 Graph

Value chain for fresh and processed food in Australia 2012-13: Import costs to food and beverage and retail food processing and sales Value of food exports Value of food exports ...

Value chain for fresh and processed food in Australia 2012–13: Food and beverage processing

2016 Graph

Value chain for fresh and processed food in Australia 2012–13: Food and beverage processing Retail food sales Retail food sales Percentageofretailfoodsales Supermarkets and ...

Value chain for fresh and processed food in Australia 2012-13: Retail food sales

2016 Graph

Value chain for fresh and processed food in Australia 2012-13: Retail food sales Retail food sales Retail food sales Percentageofretailfoodsales Supermarkets and ...

Value chain for fresh and processed food in Australia 2012-13: Farm and fish food production

2016 Graph

Value chain for fresh and processed food in Australia 2012-13: Farm and fish food production Farm and fish food production Farm and fish food production Percentageofindustryproduction ...

Major regional changes are occurring in Antarctic sea ice coverage

2016

Key Finding

... of the ice season has affected multiple levels of the marine food web. In contrast, there is a trend towards lengthening of the annual sea ice ...

State and trends of the Antarctic environment 2016

2016

At a glance

... human-made ozone-depleting substances. The complex Antarctic food web is based on vast numbers of marine microorganisms, including bacteria, ...

Overview of state and trends of the Antarctic environment

2016

Report Content

... substances. Climate change is affecting the entire Antarctic food web, and warmer temperatures on land have already led to the establishment of ...

Overview of state and trends of the marine environment

2016

Report Content

... at which new organic matter is developed at the base of the food web) and secondary productivity (the rate at which this new organic matter is ...

Pressures affecting the Antarctic environment 2016

2016

At a glance

... marine species, including crucial species at the base of the food web. Human activities are still increasing; new stations are being constructed, ...

Pressures on the marine environment

2016

Report Content

... (the development of new organic matter at the bottom of the food web), which influences the survival of higher-order predators. However, the ...

Box MAR7 White shark

2016

Case Study

... 2015 , Robbins et al. 2015 , McAuley et al. 2016 ), food-web interactions ( Semmens et al. 2013 , Pethybridge et al. 2014 ), and the ...

Outlook for the marine environment 2016

2016

At a glance

... circled, and images of the marine life found there in a food-web flowchart that also indicates wind and upwelling by different coloured ...

Toxins, pesticides and herbicides

2016

Report Content

... via dietary intake, with many accumulating through the food web ( Islam & Tanaka 2004 ). Consequently, animals feeding at high trophic ...

Biodiversity: Ecological processes

2016

Coasts

Report Content

... where a key ecosystem component is removed from coastal food webs. Other more general pressures include urbanisation, port ... interactions among ecosystem members has implications for food-web diversity, stability and function ( Rooney & McCann 2012 ). Human ...

Outlook for the land environment 2016

2016

Land

At a glance

... resilience in already depleted natural communities; ensuring food and energy security; and managing conflicts for the use of land, and ... community viability and resilience. Concerns about global food security and the consequences for Australia, where most agricultural ...

Overview of resilience of the marine environment

2016

Resilience

Report Content

... ability to maintain properties, such as nutrient cycling or food web functioning ( Hughes et al. 2005 , Levin & Lubchenco 2008 ). Studies of ...

Outlook under a business-as-usual scenario

2016

Report Content

... impact on organisms that form the base of marine food webs, such as phytoplankton and zooplankton; these changes will have ...

Outlook for the Antarctic environment 2016

2016

At a glance

... ecosystem because it affects organisms at the base of the food web. Whatever changes may occur in the biodiversity of Antarctica, the effects ...

Antarctic environment: 2011–16 in context

2016

Introduction

Report Content

... et al. 2013 ). Since krill is near the base of the food web, these changes may have profound effects throughout Antarctic ecosystems, ...

Terrestrial plant and animal species: Plant species and fungi

2016

Biodiversity

Report Content

... and lignin molecules in wood. Fungi sporophores are also food for animals, enmeshing fungi in food webs. Numerous invertebrates gain food and shelter from fungi. ...

The living environment: Marine and terrestrial

2016

Report Content

... Marine microorganisms form the basis of Antarctic food webs. They include vast numbers of bacteria, phytoplankton (single-celled ... these single-celled organisms not only support the food web but also influence the biochemistry of the ocean, and play a vital role in ...

Figure LAN3 Native and exotic plants in Australia

2016

Land

Graph

Risks to the Antarctic environment 2016

2016

Risks

At a glance

... and dependent species, as well as bycatch Breakdown in food web productivity Increased pollution (water and air) Increase in commercial ...

Overview of state and trends of coasts

2016

Coasts

Report Content

... digestive tracts and the transfer of organic toxins through food webs ( Browne et al. 2013 , Rochman et al. 2013 ). Coastal habitats and ...

Marine regions

2016

Introduction

Report Content

... facilitating species exchange with neighbouring regions. Food webs throughout the marine region are predominantly based on the large ... new organic matter is developed at the base of the food web), although seasonally enhanced areas of biological productivity, such as ...

Vegetation

2016

Land

Introduction

Report Content

... capturing energy through photosynthesis (which supports food chains) and sequestering atmospheric carbon (which mitigates greenhouse ... protecting the soil from water and wind erosion producing food, fibre, medicines and shelter providing vital cultural connection for ...

Climate change

2016