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Mitigating the drivers of environmental change
2016 Report Content2016 Since the first SoE report in 1996, a great deal of effort has been focused on improving environment-related policies and associated management actions. However, these are often focused on reducing pressures on the environment. For example, Australia’s regulatory regime...
Water use has increased, mitigated by variability in availability
2016 Key Finding2016 Water volumes extracted from the environment to support the Australian economy have grown recently, mitigated somewhat by variations in annual rainfall and the availability of water from storage. Moderate growth in urban water use was seen across most capital cities, reflecting the...
The oceans have somewhat mitigated the effects of emissions
2016 Key Finding2016 The oceans absorb CO2 and heat, and thus limit the rate and immediate extent of changes in climate. In recent decades, the oceans have taken up around 25 per cent of the annual anthropogenic (human) CO2 emissions. However, the capacity of the oceans to absorb CO2 is limited, because...
Activities to manage and mitigate threats identified in species recovery plans and threat abatement plans have been limited
2016 Key Finding2016 There is a clear gap between the identification of pressures and issues associated with threats in recovery plans under the EPBC Act, and the implementation of activities that might mitigate pressures and assist the recovery of species or communities that are the focus of plans. A...
Antarctica is warming, although changes in atmospheric circulation brought about by the Antarctic ozone hole have been a temporary mitigating factor that has reduced the overall amount of warming, primarily in summer
2016 Key Finding2016During the past half-century, western Antarctic surface temperatures have shown general warming trends, with significant regional patterns. Cooling of the lower stratosphere because of ozone depletion in spring and early summer has helped to mitigate the amount of warming during the...
In general, the outlook for Australia’s environment depends on our ability to effectively address the complex mix of drivers, pressures and risks. This includes decoupling the economy from environmental harm...
2016 Key Finding2016In general, the outlook for Australia’s environment depends on our ability to effectively address the complex mix of drivers, pressures and risks. This includes decoupling the economy from environmental harm, and mitigating and adapting to climate change.
Integrated management and better understanding of the cumulative impacts of multiple uses are key to improving coastal management
2016 Key Finding2016 Management effectiveness could improve with a move towards integrated management that can simultaneously assess and mitigate the impacts of multiple activities and pressures. This would also be likely to reduce human-use conflict on the coast.
Australia is warming
2016 Key Finding... were Australia’s 3 warmest springs on record. Without mitigation, a surface temperature increase of 3.7–4.8 °C above 1850–1900 ...
The nature of impacts of climate change on biodiversity is becoming better understood
2016 Key Finding2016Broad understanding of potential impacts of climate change on some Australian species (e.g. birds) has increased. In the past 5 years, all jurisdictions have put in place climate change strategies or have significantly advanced planning for adaptation. However, the level of detail...
Outlook for Australia’s climate 2016
2016 , At a glance... national efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Without mitigation, surface temperature increases of 3.7–4.8 °C above 1850–1900 ... near zero emissions or below in 2100 are required. Serious mitigation strategies are required to achieve this. Mitigation efforts will ...
Figure MAR39 Schematic of different types of cumulative impacts
2016 GraphAm image showing a representation of different types of activities, indicated by horizontal bars of 3 different colours, and the total impact of those activities, indicated by a vertical black line. The top part of the image shows activities that have no cumulative impact, in which...
Residual risks to the marine environment
2016 At a glance... to the marine environment
At a glance
Avoidance and mitigation measures, which are the primary strategies for managing impacts of ... opportunities for the more effective use of avoidance and mitigation options. Application of formal ecological risk assessment frameworks ...
Assessing the effectiveness of biodiversity management
2016 Report Content... is also a need to plan for climate change adaptation and mitigation.
Assessing the effectiveness of biodiversity management
... is also a need to plan for climate change adaptation and mitigation . During the past 5 years, the Australian Government has invested ...
Some pressures are increasing, with uncertain impacts on the marine environment
2016 Key Finding... in the management of commercial vessels are resulting in mitigation and minimisation of some of the associated risks, but the outcomes ...
Effectiveness of coastal management 2016
2016 At a glance... coastal managers must also integrate climate adaptation and mitigation into their management plans. Cumulative impact management would ...
Executive Summary - Atmosphere
2016 Executive Summary... a range of mechanisms, including carbon pricing, land sector mitigation, renewable energy targets and energy efficiency programs. Emissions ... action plans to adapt to the changes predicted to occur. Mitigation and adaptation are both essential for climate risk management at all ...
Outlook for the coastal environment 2016
2016 At a glance... term, the outlook for the coast could be grim, depending on mitigation and adaptation actions taken. Sustainable management of natural ... and global reductions in emissions, the scope for mitigation is limited. Seas are predicted to rise 0.8 metres by the end of the ...
Resilience of Australia’s climate 2016
2016 , At a glance... pathways is linked to the success of climate change mitigation (i.e. as problems become unmanageable, future options for ... resources for their livelihoods. However, adaptation and mitigation to climate change may offer opportunities for Indigenous communities ...
Executive summary - Drivers
2016 Executive Summary2016Globally, the human-caused drivers of change to the environment are demographic, economic, socio-political, scientific, technological, cultural and religious. In Australia, the key drivers of environmental change are population and economic activity. The extent to which these drivers...
Overview of effectiveness of management of inland water
2016 Report Content2016 Inland water Effectiveness of management Murray Darling The Murray–Darling Basin Plan, which came into effect in late 2012, guides governments, regional authorities and communities about...
Approach - Atmosphere 2016
2016 Report Content2016 Atmosphere In this report, we assess the state of Australia’s atmosphere through an assessment of Australia’s climate and the effects of climate change, and ambient air quality. The approach adopted in this report follows that outlined in the...
Pressures affecting Australia’s air quality 2016
2016 , At a glance... cause human discomfort, encouraging people to seek mitigation from cooling systems, which places pressure on power requirements ...
Motor vehicles
2016 , Report Content2016 Ambient air quality Pressures Motor vehicles emit a wide range of pollutants from their tailpipes, and are a major source of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide (e.g. Figure ATM30). These are supplemented by...
Introduction 2016
2016 At a glanceAustralia’s coastal zone holds tremendous national significance. It contains many of the country’s most prized environmental and ecological assets, some of which are World Heritage listed, and accommodate habitats and species found nowhere else on Earth. The biological and landscape...
Box HER12 Rocla Quarry, Calga, New South Wales
2016 Case Study... qualities could be protected through adaptive management and mitigation measures, considering such measures to be ‘too simplistic due to ... qualities could be protected through adaptive management and mitigation measures, considering such measures to be ‘too simplistic due to ...
Box BLT1 Managing Melbourne’s grasslands on a city fringe
2016 Case StudyMelbourne’s outskirts are experiencing some of the largest population growth in the country, and this urban development places pressure on the availability and quality of the natural environment and agricultural land. Results of a study, published in the journal Ecological...
Overview of effectiveness of management of the marine environment
2016 Report Content... including those resulting from ineffective management and mitigation of pressures. A clear gap exists between identification of pressures ...
Overview of resilience of the atmosphere
2016 Report Content... pathways is linked to the success of climate change mitigation (i.e. as problems become unmanageable, future options for ...
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