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Australia’s marine environment currently contributes approximately $50 billion per year to Australia’s overall economy; this contribution is expected to double by 2025
2016 Key Finding... ecosystem services, such as carbon dioxide absorption, nutrient cycling and coastal protection. ...
Australia’s marine environment is influenced by the cycles of several natural climate phenomena, including the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, the Indian Ocean Dipole and the Southern Annular Mode
2016 Key Finding2016 Variability in the phases of these climate phenomena change rainfall patterns, sea surface temperatures, surface winds and oceanic currents. These changes can influence the degree of vertical mixing through the water column and the relative location of cyclone events. Simultaneous...
State and trends of ecological processes
2016 Assessment summary... between reporting cycles. Modified by overharvesting and nutrient enrichment. Improving where fishing activity and urban/agricultural ... Ecological processes Microbial processes and nutrient cycling This component has changed from 2011. 'Microbial processes' has been ...
State and trends of water quality
2016, 2011 Assessment summary... Topics
Water quality Ongoing, widespread exceedences of nutrient and suspended solids Year(s): 2011 2 Stable Confidence (in ... cycles. South-east Coast Widespread exceedance of nutrient guidelines Year(s): 2016 2 Unclear Confidence (in grade): Somewhat ...
Introduction 2016
2016 At a glance... ecosystem services, such as carbon dioxide absorption, nutrient cycling and coastal protection ( Eadie & Hoisington 2011 , NMSC 2015 ). ...
The natural environment
2016 Report Content... biomass in the Southern Ocean. They play a crucial role in nutrient cycling ( Hutchins et al. 2009 , Pearce et al. 2010 ). The species ...
Executive Summary - Coasts
2016 Executive Summary... deterioration of the coast. For example, widespread nutrient enrichment of coastal waterways has substantially altered the processes of nutrient cycling , sulfur metabolism and carbon fixation. Destruction of critical ...
Pressures affecting the coastal environment
2016, 2011 Assessment summary... catchment modification or weather events. Closely related to nutrient inputs and occurring for a large proportion of coastal catchments. ... This component has been renamed from 'Nutrient supply and cycling—land based', and moved from Marine to Coasts for 2016, as it is a ...
Soil and water management is crucial for a productive landscape
2016 Key Finding... management and soil conservation measures. Pesticide and nutrient run-off is also being significantly reduced in some industries, ...
State and trends of quality of habitat-forming species
2016 Assessment summary... comparison of changes between reporting cycles. Pressured by nutrient and sediment addition, habitat loss and severe weather events (e.g. ...
Drivers influencing the marine environment
2016 Report Content... and regulation, atmospheric and climate regulation, nutrient cycling and fertility, and protection of coastal regions ( UNEP 2006 , Worm et ...
Executive Summary - Marine environment
2016 Executive Summary... ecosystem services, such as carbon dioxide absorption, nutrient cycling and coastal protection. Our oceans are subject to many varied pressures ...
Overview of resilience of the marine environment
2016 Report Content... densities and their ability to maintain properties, such as nutrient cycling or food web functioning ( Hughes et al. 2005 , Levin & Lubchenco 2008 ...
State and trends of species populations and groups
2016 Assessment summary... and abundance are altered in some estuaries due to fishing, nutrient addition (leading to eutrophication), reduced freshwater input, and ...
Coastal land
2016 Report Content... Soil is a critical resource for water, carbon, energy and nutrient cycling . It provides fundamental support for nearly all coastal land ...
Biodiversity: Ecological processes
2016 Report Content... be affected through bottom-up processes such as increased nutrient addition to local waters. For estuaries, there are many uncertainties ... process that maintains water quality and biogeochemical cycling in coastal waters. Filter feeders can be particularly important in ...
Regional and landscape-scale pressures: Land clearing
2016 Report Content... over millennia. Vegetation has adapted to the frequently nutrient-poor and sporadically wet soils, and its rooting patterns and ... native vegetation has many impacts on soil, changing the cycling of water, nutrients, sediments and solutes. Soils take decades, and in ...
Risks to the Antarctic environment 2016
2016 At a glance...
1:169–192. Hutchins DA, Mulholland MR & Fu F (2009). Nutrient cycles and marine microbes in a CO2-enriched ocean. Oceanography ...
Overview of state and trends of coasts
2016 Report Content... degradation. In addition to ongoing pressure from metal and nutrient pollution, coastal waterways are threatened by new classes of ... have substantially altered the processes of nutrient cycling, sulfur metabolism and carbon fixation. Several estuaries and bays ...
Coastal waters
2016 Report Content... include excess metals, nutrients and organic matter (see Nutrient pollution ), and industrial chemicals, pesticides, herbicides, ... include excess metals, nutrients and organic matter (see Nutrient pollution ), and industrial chemicals, pesticides, herbicides, ... since ecosystems vary in their requirements and cycling rates. Excess nutrients can have severe negative environmental ...
Outlook for the marine environment 2016
2016 At a glance... nationally important, providing ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling and climate regulation, and economic wealth through industries such as ...
Several factors, such as ocean acidification, increasing wind strength and changes in ocean circulation in the Southern Ocean, may affect the base of Antarctic food webs
2016 Key Finding2016 Dissolved carbon dioxide acidifies the ocean and reduces the availability of carbonate ions that shell-making organisms require for calcification, reducing the ability of these organisms to form shells. This may affect their reproductive capabilities and recruitment. Changes in the...
Investment in Indigenous land and sea management has increased participation
2016 Key Finding2016 The critical role that Indigenous Australians can play in managing the land environment has been formally recognised, and land management provides an important means of employment in many remote areas. Confusing and bureaucratic processes still limit engagement of Indigenous people in...
Resilience of marine systems
2016 Report Content... and their ability to maintain aggregate properties, such as nutrient cycling or trophic functioning ( Levin & Lubchenco 2008 , Hughes et al. 2010 ...
Overview of state and trends of the built environment
2016 Report Content... services such as flood mitigation, water quality control and nutrient cycling. Biodiversity within cities and towns also offers opportunities to ...
Figure WAT15 Extract of the ecosystem health report card for the Theresa catchment in the Queensland Fitzroy Basin, 2014
2016 Map... the Queensland Fitzroy Basin, 2014
A map of showing the nutrient levels in the Theresa catchment in the Queensland Fitzroy Basin in ...
Soil: Carbon dynamics
2016 Report Content... indicates the functioning of many ecosystem processes (e.g. nutrient and waste cycling, water storage, biodiversity ). The carbon comes primarily from plant ...
Soil: Understanding
2016 Report Content... of soil condition in agro-ecosystems are: carbon and nutrient content acidity ( pH ) and acidification trend soil structure and ... a soil’s thickness, structure, porosity, and carbon and nutrient content determine its susceptibility to erosion. The carbon and ...
Marine regions
2016 Report Content... & Picault 1990 ). Although Coral Sea waters are considered nutrient poor at the surface, a deep chlorophyll maximum layer, resulting from ... waters are generally of low to moderate productivity, and nutrient availability is strongly regulated by vertical mixing of the water ...
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