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State and trends of the Antarctic atmosphere
2016, 2011 Assessment summaryAntarctic environment State and trends The physical environment: The atmosphere—climate and weather patterns Antarctica...
Pressures affecting Australia’s climate 2016
2016 At a glanceAt a glanceGreenhouse gases (GHGs)—carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, short-lived tropospheric and stratospheric ozone, nitrous oxide and synthetic GHGs—together with water vapour, and natural and industrial aerosols, influence Earth’s energy balance. Human activity, primarily the burning of...
Figure ATM3 Radiative forcing in 2011 relative to 1750, and aggregated uncertainties for the main drivers of climate change
2016 GraphRadiative forcing for the main drivers of climate change, and total radiative forcing in 2011 relative to 1750 Radiative forcing for the main drivers of climate change, and total radiative forcing in 2011 relative to 1750 Radiative forcingaerosols positive upper...
Figure ATM25b Monthly mean concentration of tropospheric ozone at Cape Grim, 1982–2015
2016 Graphb Monthly mean concentration of tropospheric ozone at Cape Grim, 1982–2015 Monthly mean concentration of tropospheric ozone at Cape Grim, 1982–2015 Ozone (ppb) 1/01/1976 1/02/1976 1/03/1976 1/04/1976 1/05/1976 1/06/1976 1/07/1976 1/08/1976 1/09...
Effects of increased greenhouse gases
2016 Report Content2016 Climate Pressures The growing concentrations of human-generated GHGs have resulted in an increased absorption, largely in the lower atmosphere, of the heat radiated from Earth’s surface, causing an increase in the...
Understanding and research
2016 Report Content2016 Climate Effectiveness of management Tasmania Greater Melbourne In the 5 years since SoE 2011, international climate science has advanced significantly. The IPCC,...
Box ATM5 Cape Grim: monitoring the health of the global atmosphere for 40 years
2016 Case StudyThe Cape Grim Baseline Air Pollution Station (Cape Grim BAPS), established in 1976 to monitor and study global atmospheric composition for trends as a result of human activities and natural variability, celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2016. The station is managed by the Bureau...
The physical environment: The atmosphere—climate and weather patterns
2016 Report Content2016 Antarctic environment State and trends Antarctica The physical environment includes both the nonliving factors that characterise an ecosystem (e.g. weather patterns, ice coverage, the...
Figure ATM25d Timeseries of monthly mean concentrations of carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide equivalent and tropospheric ozone; monthly median particle number concentration; and monthly median aerosol optical depth at 868 nanometres at Cape Grim under ...
2016 Graphd Monthly median aerosol optical depth at 868 nanometres at Cape Grim, 1996–2015 Monthly median aerosol optical depth at 868 nanometres at Cape Grim, 1996–2015 MonthlymedianAerosolOpticalDepth(AOD) 01/19860.076446957 02/19860.06693375 03/19860.053308571...
The physical environment: The Southern Ocean
2016 Report Content2016 Antarctic environment State and trends Antarctica The Southern Ocean The Southern Ocean is changing in ways that are likely to affect regional and global climate, and marine productivity (...
The physical environment: The cryosphere
2016 Report Content2016 Antarctic environment State and trends Antarctica The physical environment includes both the nonliving factors that characterise an ecosystem (e.g. weather patterns, ice coverage, the...
Stratospheric ozone
2011 Report Content2011 Ambient air quality Pressures Global production of ODSs continues to decline (Figure 3.30). However, due to the long atmospheric lifetimes of a number of important ODSs, they will continue to impact levels of...
Ambient air quality
2011 Report Content2011 Ambient air quality Pressures Tasmania Greater Hobart Australian Capital Territory Greater Melbourne Greater...
Stratospheric ozone
2011 Report Content... approximately 50 kilometres. It is situated between the troposphere (near Earth’s surface) and the mesosphere. 97 ...
Pressures affecting Australia's climate
2011 At a glanceAt a glanceThe energy balance of Earth’s atmosphere is influenced by the presence of trace levels of greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and water vapour (a major GHG), and natural and industrial aerosols. Since the start of the industrial era (around 1750...
3 Atmosphere | References
2011 Report Content2011 Atmosphere 3 Atmosphere References 1 Seneca LA. Epistle CIV. In: Campbell R, ed. Letters from a stoic. London: Penguin, 1969. 2 Stone R. Counting the cost of London’s killer smog. Science 2002;298(5601):2106–7. 3 Harrison RM, ed. Pollution...
The physical environment
2011 Report Content2011 Antarctic environment State and trends Antarctica The physical environment includes both the nonliving factors that characterise an ecosystem (e.g. weather patterns, ice coverage,...
7 Antarctic environment | References
2011 Report Content... change and ozone depletion. Part II: Southern Hemisphere troposphere. Journal of Climate 2011;24:1850-68. 47 Rignot E, ...
