Many state of the environment reports around Australia and the world do not include a chapter on coasts, considering them under the topics of land, water and the marine environment. The State of the Environment Committee preparing this report considered that the unique characteristics of coastal

Both increased population and increased economic growth tend to lead to increased consumption.

Increased traffic, unmitigated, will lead to increased air pollution.

Both population and economic growth typically cause increased traffic, which can increase traffic congestion.

​The connection between people and country is a fundamental aspect of Indigenous cultural heritage.

The quality of the air inside our homes, offices, public buildings, schools and so on is affected by many factors, including the quality of the outside air, building materials (particularly volatile materials like glues and paints), ventilation, furnishings, appliances (particularly unflued gas a

Despite significant reductions in the percentage of Australian homes using wood as a source of home heating,206 the cost of the main alternatives to wood (i.e. electricity and gas) have risen steeply in recent years and c

River pollution often arises from upstream development and land use. However, it has particular impacts on the environment where it enters estuaries and the nearshore coastal environment.

Integrated marine management involves establishing objectives for managing all activities pertaining to assets and values of the environment. 

Invasive species are one of the two most frequently cited pressures for EPBC-listed species (the other being fragmentation of habitat).

The absolute and relative extent of Australia’s principal land uses are summarised in Table 5.1 (2005–06 data).

This section considers the pressures associated with each of the major land uses.

Livability' is a term that can have many meanings, but for the purposes of this chapter it relates to those aspects of the quality of urban life that are determined predominantly by the physical nature of the built environment.

Australian officials actively participate in the international forums of the Antarctic Treaty System to promote improved environmental protection and conservation outcomes for the Antarctic region.